• A nitric oxide donor glyceryl trinitrite and the substrate f

  2022-09-13

  

  A nitric oxide donor, glyceryl-trinitrite, and the substrate for nitric oxide, l-arginine, have been used to treat preterm labor. However, these studies are preliminary. The beneficial effect of nitric oxide donors needs to be confirmed by more controlled studies. The probable pitfall of using nitri

• IC is a rat mAb specifically binding

  2022-09-09

  

  IC2 is a rat mAb specifically binding to insulin granula [127,128]. Although this mAb was discovered 30 years ago, it has only recently been used for β-cell imaging in vivo. Moore et al. used this mAb for β-cell imaging in 2001 [129]. After DTPA conjugation, IC2 was labeled with 111In. Both in vitro

• br GPR is a class A GPCR expressed

  2022-09-09

  

  GPR119 is a class A GPCR expressed on pancreatic β-cells and certain enteroendocrine quality which upon activation with an agonist, increases insulin secretion in response to rising glucose levels. Mechanistically, this insulinotropic effect is bifurcated involving both GPR119-mediated β-cell sig

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2022-09-09

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion and conclusions Our data demonstrate that native and 2-OMe-LPC analogues are GPR119 ligands and activate insulin secretion from βTC-3 pancreatic cells. LPC 18:1 was the first proposed endogenous ligand for GPR119 [1], however natural LPC has limited

• br Reactive Dicarbonyls and Mitochondrial Dysfunction

  2022-09-09

  

  Reactive Dicarbonyls and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Although mitochondrial dysfunction has been suggested to be one of the main pathogenic mechanisms in diabetic neuropathy, little is known about the nature and extent of mitochondrial damage resulting from chronic hyperglycemia. Mitochondria funct

• br Experimental procedures br Results

  2022-09-09

  

  Experimental procedures Results Discussion Although the presence and localization of the GlyR subunits have been determined in the adult retina, the proportion of each GlyR subunit has not been assessed in the adult or in the developing retina. In the present study, we carried out the absol

• In conclusion we have designed and characterized a

  2022-09-09

  

  In conclusion, we have designed and characterized a novel series of EAAT-blockers, exemplified by (-[4-(2-bromo-4,5-difluorophenoxy)phenyl]--asparagine)—a potent, selective, competitive non-substrate inhibitor of EAAT-2. As one of the most potent and selective EAAT-2 inhibitors identified to date,

• Sexual size dimorphism has been

  2022-09-09

  

  Sexual size dimorphism has been observed in European eel and half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), as females have a faster growth rate than males, (Degani, G., et al., 2003, Ma, Q., et al., 2012). Ma et al. 2011 reported that the mRNA level of GH was higher in the pituitary gland of bot

• GSIs were shown to effectively decrease

  2022-09-09

  

  GSIs were shown to effectively decrease Aβ levels at doses close to or higher than their IC50 values in cell culture models. Surprisingly, they also slightly increase Aβ levels at low doses, (significantly below the IC50) also known as “Aβ rise”, due to various mechanisms including inhibition of cel

• 5-lipoxygenase The secretase complex comprises four core sub

  2022-09-09

  

  The γ-secretase complex comprises four core subunits: presenilin (PS), nicastrin (NCT), anterior pharynx-defective 1 (Aph1), and presenilin enhancer 2 (Pen2) [7], [8]. PS is the catalytic subunit of γ-secretase, and many PS mutations associated with familial AD result in a high Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio [5].

• All of the designed compounds was synth

  2022-09-08

  

  All of the designed compounds – was synthesized from -cyclopropane aldehyde , which was prepared following a procedure we reported previously. Treatment of with 4-chlorobenzene-1,2-diamine in pyridine constructed benzimidazole structure of , which was subjected to deprotection and subsequent oxidat

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Several hi

  2022-09-08

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Several histamine H3 receptor antagonists have progressed into clinical development for indications including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, pain and narcolepsy. Each of the compounds studied herein has been extensively characterized in its own

• Newly identified evidence has put immune checkpoint inhibito

  2022-09-08

  

  Newly identified evidence has put immune checkpoint inhibitors into the spotlight. However, even though they have been reported to achieve optimistic outcomes [67], there is still a provocative question about their limitations [68]. The solid evidence above has provided us with translational values

• Apoptosis is one of critical toxic

  2022-09-08

  

  Apoptosis is one of critical toxic mechanisms of benzene metabolites. In this work, overexpression of HIF-1a could significantly reduce the increase in cell apoptosis caused by 40 μM BQ. At the meanwhile, anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 level was significantly elevated in HIF-1a overexpression cells t

• Among the isoforms of heme

  2022-09-08

  

  Among the 3 isoforms of heme oxygenases (HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3), HO-1 expression is inducible, and it catalyzes the degradation of heme to biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO) and free Fe. The Fe is then stored in ferritin, limiting its ability to participate as a catalyst through the Fenton reaction and

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