• br Methods br Results br Discussion Autotaxin has been shown

  2023-11-15

  

  Methods Results Discussion Autotaxin has been shown to have effects on major cell types implicated in OA, notably chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and synoviocytes, through its enzymatic product LPA [20]. However, a paucity of research exists on the involvement of autotaxin in OA. Fi

• br The complementary role of chaperone mediated autophagy Ch

  2023-11-15

  

  The complementary role of chaperone mediated autophagy Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) mediates the degradation of specific cellular proteins and participates in the regulation of lipid metabolism, DNA repair, or the response to stress (Kaushik and Cuervo, 2018). CMA provides an alternative pa

• Given the recent discovery of regions of single stranded

  2023-11-15

  

  Given the recent discovery of regions of single-stranded DNA in the nuclei of hypoxic cells, the role for ATR in the response to hypoxic stress seems clearer . Zou and Elledge demonstrated that both Ddc 2 (the homolog of ATRIP) and ATRIP have a lower affinity for double-strand breaks than they do f

• A disruption of lung barrier

  2023-11-15

  

  A disruption of lung barrier function caused by PM2.5 has been observed in our experiments; however the underlying mechanism has not been investigated. Zhao et al. (2018) reported that PM2.5 down-regulated the expression levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins and resulted in nasal epithelial barrier

• l Arginine supplementation was reported

  2023-11-15

  

  l-Arginine supplementation was reported to be efficient, inefficient or toxic in aged patients. The present study does not support our hypothesis that increased tissue arginase activity may account for the ineffectiveness and even the toxicity of l-arginine supplementation in ageing. Indeed, except

• Expression subcellular localization transcriptional activity

  2023-11-15

  

  Expression, subcellular localization, transcriptional activity and protein stability of Foxo are regulated by proteins such as STAT3, PKB, JNK and AMPK (Sun et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2011). STAT3 is a member of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family that plays c

• Patients with cardiovascular disorders typically have lower

  2023-11-15

  

  Patients with cardiovascular disorders typically have lower plasma apelin levels than matched healthy controls. For example, plasma apelin levels are reduced in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and among CAD patients with unstable angina or acute myocardial infraction there is a further

• In humans the superior safety profile

  2023-11-15

  

  In humans, the superior safety profile of lipid-associated formulations is characterized by decreased acute infusion-related reactions and dose-related nephrotoxicity, allowing the administration of larger doses and therefore similar efficacy with fewer administrations. In vitro studies and human cl

• A candidate protein for the regulation

  2023-11-15

  

  A candidate protein for the regulation of AMPAR transport is CaMKII, a Ca2+-dependent kinase with diverse cellular functions. With respect to synaptic transmission, CaMKII is recognized as a key synaptic protein that is required to modify the number of synaptic AMPARs in response to LTP and LTD stim

• Lipotoxicity is the accumulation of excess lipids in non

  2023-11-15

  

  Lipotoxicity is the accumulation of excess lipids in non-adipose tissues that leads to cell dysfunction or cell death. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and contributes to the rate of progression of CKD [7,8]. Emerging evidence indicates that renal lipid dysregulation is

• Benazepril HCl Recent studies demonstrated FoxO a enhances t

  2023-11-14

  

  Recent studies demonstrated FoxO3a enhances the protective functions of autophagy in response to environmental stress , . FoxO3a coordinately activates autophagy by binding directly to the promoters of autophagy-related genes, including LC3, Gabarapl1, Beclin1, and Atg12 in atrophied skeletal muscle

• br Role of autophagy in alcoholic cardiomyopathy

  2023-11-14

  

  Role of autophagy in alcoholic cardiomyopathy Concluding remarks The genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity in alcoholic cardiac injury has been recognized despite the seemingly beneficial effects of low to moderate alcohol consumption [8]. Although oxidative stress is well established in the pa

• The ambiguity surrounding the role played by the

  2023-11-14

  

  The ambiguity surrounding the role played by the 15-LOXs in malignant biological processes stems also from the limitations of current animal models, and especially the usage of its 12/15-LOX murine homolog, which can also catalyze the production of 12-HETE. Indeed, the proinflammatory effect of 12-H

• br Brain cell reactions Brain cells in

  2023-11-14

  

  Brain cell reactions Brain cells in common with all metabolic cells must contain chemically active primary compounds which spontaneously initiate and continue cell reactions under normal conditions of temperature and pressure (NTP). These compounds have been identified as monophosphoric and polyp

• br Special report Financial and personal benefits of early d

  2023-11-14

  

  Special report – Financial and personal benefits of early diagnosis Acknowledgments The Alzheimer’s Association acknowledges the contributions of Joseph Gaugler, Ph.D., Bryan James, Ph.D., Tricia Johnson, Ph.D., Allison Marin, Ph.D., and Jennifer Weuve, M.P.H., Sc.D., in the preparation of 201

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